بررسی پتانسیل خاک Chamaerops humilis L. برای بهبود رشد و کیفیت زعفران

مطالعه پتانسیل اثرات میکروفلور همزیست موجود در خاک Chamaerops humilis L به عنوان بستر ارگانیک زنده بر رشد و کیفیت زعفران انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد خاک زنده باعث بهبود خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی خاک، رشد گیاه، کلروفیل و میکوریزال ریشه‌ها می‌شود. همچنین کیفیت کلاله‌های زعفران بر اساس ترکیبات پیکروکروسین، سفرانال و کروستین بهبود یافته است. خاک Chamaerops humilis L به عنوان کود زیستی یا گیاه پرورش‌دهنده می‌تواند بهره‌وری و کیفیت کشت زعفران را افزایش دهد.

Native soils are characterized by an indigenous symbiotic microflora, with several beneficial effects. This work aims to explore the potential beneficial effect of the microflora of Chamaerops humilis L. soil used as a live organic substrate on the growth and flowering of saffron (Crocus sativus L.), with a special focus on the potential role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). An experiment was conducted, for 2 years, using two treatments: sterile (ST) and live (LT). Several parameters on soil fertility, growth and quality of saffron were assessed. The obtained results demonstrate that the main physico-chemical properties of the soil significantly improved in LT, compared to ST at harvesting.

Moreover, LT significantly improved growth traits, photosynthetic pigments, and mycorrhization colonization of roots compared to ST. Specifically, the quality assessment based on picrocrocin, safranal, and crocetin concentrations qualified the saffron stigmas under LT in category I, and ST in category II. Overall, the application of LT demonstrates its beneficial effects on soil fertility, yield, and quality of saffron. Therefore, Ch. humilis L. soil may be recommended as a potential bio-fertilizer and/or a nursing plant, with the potential positive effect of AMFs, able to enhance productivity and quality of saffron culture.